Israel

General information

Name of region	Israel
Global Environmental Zone(s) (Metzger)	N. Hot and dry
Population density (persons per km²)
Contact (general)	Iddo Kan
Contact (ag. scenarios)	Ruslana Palatnik
Location (NUTS code)	IL
Dominant regional farming system(s) (SEAMLESS nomenclature)
The three most important farming systems in region (SEAMLESS nomenclature)	arable-others mixed farms permanent crops
Main crop species
Main livestock species

Regional development goal in rural spatial planning

Specific issues the region deals with/will deal with

Water scarcity, lack of professional workers, import barriers, environmental negative externalities

Regional challenges with regard to climate change

Reduction in total precipitations, increase in heat waves and damages associated with stormy weather

Proposed solutions to overcome the challenges

Contribution to answering the focus question

What are the implications of changes in climate variables (particularly precipitations) on the agricultural sector with respect to farming profits and consumer surplus?How international trade barriers, policies associated with inputs (labor and water infrastructures) affect the agricultural sector under climate change (e.g., profits, shadow values of water and labor constraints).

Important adaptation measures that are or will be considered in the study

Water management	is important to this region AND is/will be included in the modelling exercise.
Irrigation	is important to this region AND is/will be included in the modelling exercise.
Drainage	is important to this region.
Species/varietal choice	is important to this region AND is/will be included in the modelling exercise.
Plant breeding	is important to this region.
Changed planting/sowing days	is important to this region.
Crop rotations	is important to this region.
Alternative tillage methods	is important to this region.
Pest/weed management	is important to this region.
Housing of livestock	is important to this region.
Land consolidation	is important to this region.
Management of feeding and reproduction of livestock	is important to this region.
Structure and scale of production adjustment	is important to this region.
Crop insurance	is important to this region.
Exit from agriculture	is important to this region.
Climate alertness	is important to this region.
Political regulations at various administrative levels	is important to this region AND is/will be included in the modelling exercise.
Others	is important to this region AND is/will be included in the modelling exercise.
	Recycling of wastewater

Models, stakeholders, advancement of knowledge

Models used in the study
Socio-economy	Crops	Grassland	Livestock
The VALUE (Vegetative Agricultural Land Use Economic) model -- a regional scale positive mathematical programming (PMP) model, which examines adaptation through reallocation of land and water sources among crops, while taking into account salinity conditions. Inputs include water quotas, land allocation and precipitations.	See a model of water and salinity equilibrium in soil-plant-atmosphere: Shani, U., Ben-Gal, A., Tripler, E. and Dudley, L.M. (2007), “Plant Response to the Soil Environment: An Analytical Model Integrating Yield, Water, Soil Type and Salinity,” Water Resources Research 43: W08418. doi: 10.1029/2006WR005313.	None	None
How are results of of crop and livestock models assimilated in socio-economic models?	How is technological progress in arable agriculture taken into account?	How is technological progress in livestock farming taken into account?

Participating stakeholders

Agro-business or agro-food chain	Administrative bodies or regional or national governments
None	Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development
Approaches for involving stakeholders

Improvement of the modelling capability by involving stakeholders

How did the modelling capability improve by involving stakeholders?	Effect of the involvement of stakeholders on the questions asked, on the assessment, or on the solutions suggested

Points that researchers learned from stakeholders	Points that stakeholders learned from researchers